What is dermabrasion?

Dermabrasion is a mechanical, operative method that doctors use in aesthetic medicine. A synonym for dermabrasion is "skin abrasion", which actually describes the technique quite well. During the treatment, doctors grind the upper layers of the skin with a rotating diamond grinder or a steel brush - the skin is removed piece by piece.

After dermabrasion, the upper layers of the skin are “missing” and they have to regenerate. The remaining skin wets, bleeds, swells and turns red after sanding. A bandage that protects the injured skin from external influences and infections caused by germs (e.g. bacteria) is therefore a must after the dermabrasion treatment.

Skin abrasion is suitable for the entire face. However, doctors can also only treat individual areas of the face, such as smaller wrinkles over the upper lip. Dermabrasion can also be used to level scars and correct them optically. The method also reduces skin imperfections and stimulates collagen production. In general, dermabrasion can improve the complexion and make the skin appear more beautiful, fresher and more youthful.

Microdermabrasion: gentle peeling

With microdermabrasion, the upper layers of the skin are also removed mechanically, but not quite as deeply. Therefore, the method is considered gentler and gentler compared to dermabrasion. Translated, the term microdermabrasion means something like "small skin abrasion" (micro = small).

Doctors or beauticians use small crystals such as salt, very fine sand or aluminum oxide. The crystals are "shot" in a controlled manner onto the skin with a special air polishing device. The skin is polished, cleaned and the crystals are then sucked off using a vacuum. The microdermabrasion corresponds to a mechanical peeling. It reduces wrinkles, scars, acne scars, cornifications or age or pigment spots .

If you have microdermabrasion performed in the summer, it is better not to go into the sun immediately after the treatment. Then makes sure you have adequate sun protection. Use sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF). Because too long and direct exposure to UV radiation can lead to pigmentation disorders in the skin.

Microdermabrasion or Microneedling?

In contrast to dermabrasion or microdermabrasion, doctors use the finest needles to remove wrinkles and scars. Microneedling is also called medical needling or mesotherapy.

And this is how the method works:

• A skin roller or pen equipped with needles is used. The doctor first numbs the skin locally and then rolls over it with the dermaroller or pen.
• The fine needles injure the skin and create thousands of tiny micro-wounds. The top layer of skin remains intact.
• The skin responds to the injuries by building collagen to help the wounds heal on their own. The needles stimulate the formation of new skin. It strengthens and smooths itself as part of the wound healing process.
• The tiny puncture sites usually heal quickly without forming scars. You can usually go into the sun straight away because the skin is not particularly sensitive to UV rays.
• However, the rejuvenating effect does not appear immediately, but only after a few weeks. Because the self-renewal of the skin and the formation of new collagen takes some time.

Whether you opt for microdermabrasion or microneedling also depends on your preferences and personal wishes. Always seek advice from your doctor as to which treatment is best for you individually.

Dermabrasion: Smoothing all kinds of scars

Dermabrasion is good for different types of scars. It can smooth small and sharp-edged scars such as acne scars, injury scars or surgical scars. Doctors grind the top layer of skin in the area of ​​the scar in a controlled manner and under sterile conditions. When the skin has regenerated, a smooth skin surface is created and the scars usually no longer appear visually.

Dermabrasion works well on smaller scars that are raised, sunken (dimples in acne scars) or flat. On the other hand, dermabrasion is not suitable for large scars, for example after burns, or bulging scars. This also applies to keloids (benign skin tumors in which the connective tissue proliferates), which often recur after surgery.

Dermabrasion: Treating Acne Scars

Dermabrasion also helps with acne and can improve uneven skin. Abrasion of the skin softens raised or sunken scars in acne and removes calloused, thickened areas of the skin. Many adolescents struggle with acne, especially during puberty. About 15 to 30 in 100 teenagers have moderate to severe acne. Boys are affected significantly mores often than girls. But the annoying pimples can still arise in adulthood. Acne that occurs from the age of 25 is referred to by doctors as acne tarda (late acne). 

Acne: unsightly scars often form

Scars often remain, especially with severe acne. They occur when the wounds don't heal properly. Sometimes they are small, flat and barely noticeable. However, they can also remain clearly visible as small pits on the face - in this case too little connective tissue is formed during the healing process (atrophic scars). More rarely, acne scars are raised. This happens when too much connective tissue forms (hypertrophic scars). They usually form on the chest, back or shoulders. Keloids, which produce too much connective tissue, are also rare in acne.

Dermabrasion, chemabrasion, or microdermabrasion for acne

Acne scars can also be treated with a combination of mechanical dermabrasion and medium-depth chemical peeling (e.g. with trichloroacetic acid). Chemabrasion is the technical term for it. Microdermabrasion can also help with acne. It smooths uneven, blemished skin and protruding scar tissue.

In general, scar treatment is not advisable for acute, inflammatory acne. The inflammation must first subside before therapy begins.

Dermabrasion: other areas of application

Dermabrasion is not only suitable for acne, surgical or injury scars (accidents), but also for many other areas of application. Some examples:

• Age warts and age spots
• Pigment spots, birthmarks
• Small wrinkles, for example on the upper lip and around the mouth
• Heavily calloused areas of the skin
• Congenital nevus: Brownish pigmentation disorders that are congenital (congenital) and therefore present from birth
• Rhinophyma ("bulbous nose" or "potato nose") - the sebum glands of the outer skin of the nose and the adjacent connective tissue grow more intensely - the rhinophyma almost only affects older men
• Couperose: Reddened, dry and sensitive skin due to dilated blood vessels - the small veins often appear on the face in the area of ​​the nose and cheeks
• Loss of elasticity of the skin due to damage from UV radiation (elastosis)
• Skin disorders that occur in the context of hereditary diseases, for example tuberous sclerosis - here the skin is more pigmented
• Doctors can also use dermabrasion to remove a tattoo that is superficial

Microdermabrasion: areas of application

Microdermabrasion, which works with crystals such as salt or sand, does not abrade the skin as deeply. It is suitable, for example, for the following applications:

• Microdermabrasion helps against blemished skin : It can refine the complexion, for example with large pores, pimples or blackheads
• Bumps in the skin
• Pigmentation disorders of the skin
• Rosacea : A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin on the face, which is particularly disturbing cosmetically. Redness, nodules, vesicles and enlarged vessels are typical. Microdermabrasion for rosacea can improve the appearance of the skin
• Microdermabrasion against wrinkles : It eliminates small, annoying wrinkles on the face
• Acne and acne scars
• Strong cornification
• Oral rose (perioral dermatitis) - small blisters around the mouth are typical

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